\u963b\u71c3\u6280\u672f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u73b0\u4ee3\u6750\u6599\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u5176\u53d1\u5c55\u5386\u53f2\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ffd\u6eaf\u523019\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\u3002\u968f\u7740\u5de5\u4e1a\u9769\u547d\u7684\u63a8\u8fdb\u548c\u5404\u7c7b\u706b\u707e\u4e8b\u6545\u7684\u9891\u53d1\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u63a2\u7d22\u901a\u8fc7\u5316\u5b66\u6539\u6027\u6216\u7269\u7406\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u63d0\u9ad8\u6750\u6599\u7684\u9632\u706b\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u6839\u636e\u300a\u963b\u71c3\u6750\u6599\u5b66\u300b\uff082017\uff09\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u963b\u71c3\u6280\u672f\u662f\u6307\u901a\u8fc7\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6280\u672f\u624b\u6bb5\u4f7f\u6750\u6599\u5728\u63a5\u89e6\u706b\u6e90\u65f6\u80fd\u591f\u6291\u5236\u71c3\u70e7\u6216\u5ef6\u7f13\u706b\u7130\u8513\u5ef6\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u73af\u4fdd\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u63d0\u5347\u548c\u6cd5\u89c4\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u65e5\u76ca\u4e25\u683c\uff0c\u963b\u71c3\u6280\u672f\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5448\u73b0\u51fa\u65b0\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u3002\u4ece\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u5364\u7d20\u7c7b\u963b\u71c3\u5242\u8f6c\u5411\u65e0\u5364\u73af\u4fdd\u578b\u963b\u71c3\u4f53\u7cfb\u6210\u4e3a\u4e3b\u6d41\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002\u636e\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u6807\u51c6\u4e0e\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76\u9662\uff08NIST, 2018\uff09\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u62a5\u544a\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u73b0\u4ee3\u963b\u71c3\u6280\u672f\u66f4\u52a0\u6ce8\u91cd\u6750\u6599\u7684\u7efc\u5408\u6027\u80fd\u5e73\u8861\uff0c\u65e2\u8981\u6ee1\u8db3\u963b\u71c3\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u53c8\u8981\u4fdd\u6301\u6750\u6599\u539f\u6709\u7684\u7269\u7406\u673a\u68b0\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5f53\u524d\u963b\u71c3\u6280\u672f\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u53d1\u5c55\u65b9\u5411\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u7eb3\u7c73\u590d\u5408\u963b\u71c3\u6280\u672f\u3001\u667a\u80fd\u54cd\u5e94\u578b\u963b\u71c3\u4f53\u7cfb\u3001\u751f\u7269\u57fa\u963b\u71c3\u6750\u6599\u7b49\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u7eb3\u7c73\u590d\u5408\u963b\u71c3\u6280\u672f\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u6750\u6599\u4e2d\u5f15\u5165\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ea7\u586b\u6599\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u963b\u71c3\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u8fd8\u6539\u5584\u4e86\u6750\u6599\u7684\u529b\u5b66\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u70ed\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u6b27\u6d32\u963b\u71c3\u534f\u4f1a\uff08EFRA, 2020\uff09\u53d1\u5e03\u7684\u6570\u636e\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u65b0\u578b\u963b\u71c3\u6280\u672f\u5904\u7406\u540e\u7684\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u5728\u8fbe\u5230\u76f8\u540c\u963b\u71c3\u7b49\u7ea7\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u51cf\u5c1130%-50%\u7684\u963b\u71c3\u5242\u7528\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n
PU\u76ae\u590d\u5408\u6d77\u7ef5\u9762\u6599\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u5bb6\u5177\u3001\u6c7d\u8f66\u5185\u9970\u548c\u670d\u88c5\u9886\u57df\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u5bf9\u963b\u71c3\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u5c24\u4e3a\u7a81\u51fa\u3002\u968f\u7740\u5168\u7403\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u5bf9\u516c\u5171\u5b89\u5168\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u5347\u7ea7\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662fEN45545\uff08\u94c1\u8def\u8f66\u8f86\u9632\u706b\u6807\u51c6\uff09\u548cGB\/T 20285-2006\uff08\u5efa\u7b51\u6750\u6599\u53ca\u5236\u54c1\u71c3\u70e7\u6027\u80fd\u5206\u7ea7\uff09\u7b49\u6cd5\u89c4\u7684\u5b9e\u65bd\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u9ad8\u6548\u4e14\u73af\u4fdd\u7684\u963b\u71c3PU\u76ae\u590d\u5408\u6d77\u7ef5\u9762\u6599\u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u884c\u4e1a\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u65b9\u5411\u3002<\/p>\n
PU\u76ae\u590d\u5408\u6d77\u7ef5\u9762\u6599\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7531\u805a\u6c28\u916f\uff08PU\uff09\u4eba\u9020\u76ae\u9769\u4e0e\u805a\u919a\u578b\u6216\u805a\u916f\u578b\u6ce1\u6cab\u6d77\u7ef5\u901a\u8fc7\u70ed\u538b\u6216\u80f6\u7c98\u5de5\u827a\u590d\u5408\u800c\u6210\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u6750\u6599\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u590d\u5408\u7ed3\u6784\u8d4b\u4e88\u4e86\u4ea7\u54c1\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u52bf\uff1a\u8868\u9762\u5177\u6709PU\u76ae\u7684\u826f\u597d\u8010\u78e8\u6027\u548c\u6297\u6c61\u6027\uff0c\u5185\u5c42\u5219\u5177\u5907\u6d77\u7ef5\u7684\u67d4\u8f6f\u5f39\u6027\u548c\u5438\u97f3\u9694\u70ed\u7279\u6027\u3002\u6839\u636e\u4e2d\u56fd\u7eba\u7ec7\u5de5\u4e1a\u8054\u5408\u4f1a\u53d1\u5e03\u7684\u300a\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u7eba\u7ec7\u54c1\u5206\u7c7b\u4e0e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65b9\u6cd5\u300b\uff082020\uff09\uff0cPU\u76ae\u590d\u5408\u6d77\u7ef5\u9762\u6599\u7684\u5173\u952e\u53c2\u6570\u5305\u62ec\u539a\u5ea6\u8303\u56f4\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u4e3a3.5-5mm\uff09\u3001\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff08\u7ea60.03-0.05g\/cm\u00b3\uff09\u3001\u62c9\u4f38\u5f3a\u5ea6\uff08\u226515MPa\uff09\u548c\u6495\u88c2\u5f3a\u5ea6\uff08\u22655N\/mm\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8be5\u6750\u6599\u56e0\u5176\u4f18\u5f02\u7684\u7efc\u5408\u6027\u80fd\u800c\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u591a\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\u3002\u5728\u5bb6\u5177\u5236\u9020\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b83\u88ab\u7528\u4f5c\u6c99\u53d1\u3001\u5e8a\u57ab\u548c\u8f6f\u4f53\u5bb6\u5177\u7684\u5305\u8986\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u8212\u9002\u7684\u89e6\u611f\u548c\u826f\u597d\u7684\u8010\u7528\u6027\u3002\u6c7d\u8f66\u884c\u4e1a\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u5e94\u7528\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u6c7d\u8f66\u5ea7\u6905\u3001\u9876\u68da\u548c\u95e8\u677f\u88c5\u9970\u65b9\u9762\uff0cPU\u76ae\u590d\u5408\u6d77\u7ef5\u9762\u6599\u4e0d\u4ec5\u80fd\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u5185\u9970\u7f8e\u89c2\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u964d\u4f4e\u8f66\u5185\u566a\u97f3\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u670d\u88c5\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u6750\u6599\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5236\u4f5c\u51ac\u5b63\u4fdd\u6696\u5916\u5957\u548c\u6237\u5916\u8fd0\u52a8\u88c5\u5907\uff0c\u5c55\u73b0\u51fa\u5353\u8d8a\u7684\u4fdd\u6696\u6027\u548c\u9632\u6c34\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n
\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u5e94\u7528\u9886\u57df\u5bf9PU\u76ae\u590d\u5408\u6d77\u7ef5\u9762\u6599\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u8981\u6c42\u5b58\u5728\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5bb6\u5c45\u7528\u54c1\u66f4\u6ce8\u91cd\u8010\u4e45\u6027\u548c\u8212\u9002\u5ea6\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u8981\u6c42\u6750\u6599\u5177\u6709\u8f83\u597d\u7684\u900f\u6c14\u6027\u548c\u6297\u8001\u5316\u6027\u80fd\uff1b\u800c\u6c7d\u8f66\u5185\u9970\u5219\u5f3a\u8c03\u6750\u6599\u7684\u963b\u71c3\u6027\u3001\u6325\u53d1\u7269\u6392\u653e\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u6297\u7d2b\u5916\u7ebf\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u573a\u666f\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6750\u6599\u914d\u65b9\u548c\u52a0\u5de5\u5de5\u827a\u3002<\/p>\n
\u65b0\u963b\u71c3\u6280\u672f\u5728PU\u76ae\u590d\u5408\u6d77\u7ef5\u9762\u6599\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4e3b\u8981\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u4e09\u4e2a\u5c42\u9762\uff1a\u963b\u71c3\u5242\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u4e0e\u5206\u5e03\u4f18\u5316\u3001\u590d\u5408\u5de5\u827a\u7684\u6539\u8fdb\u4ee5\u53ca\u8868\u9762\u5904\u7406\u6280\u672f\u7684\u521b\u65b0\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5728\u963b\u71c3\u5242\u4f53\u7cfb\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u4e3b\u6d41\u7684\u6280\u672f\u8def\u7ebf\u662f\u4ece\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u5364\u7cfb\u963b\u71c3\u5242\u5411\u65e0\u5364\u81a8\u80c0\u578b\u963b\u71c3\u4f53\u7cfb\u8f6c\u53d8\u3002\u5fb7\u56fd\u62dc\u8033\u516c\u53f8\uff08Bayer, 2020\uff09\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u57fa\u4e8e\u78f7-\u6c2e\u534f\u540c\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u81a8\u80c0\u578b\u963b\u71c3\u5242\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u71c3\u70e7\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5f62\u6210\u81f4\u5bc6\u7684\u70ad\u5c42\uff0c\u6709\u6548\u9694\u7edd\u6c27\u6c14\u5e76\u963b\u6b62\u70ed\u91cf\u4f20\u9012\u3002\u88681\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u51e0\u79cd\u5178\u578b\u963b\u71c3\u5242\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u5bf9\u6bd4\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u963b\u71c3\u5242\u7c7b\u578b<\/th>\n | \u6dfb\u52a0\u91cf\uff08wt%\uff09<\/th>\n | \u6c27\u6307\u6570\uff08OI\uff09<\/th>\n | \u70df\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff08SDR\uff09<\/th>\n | \u73af\u4fdd\u6027<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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\u5364\u7cfb\u963b\u71c3\u5242<\/td>\n | 20-30<\/td>\n | 28-30<\/td>\n | \u9ad8<\/td>\n | \u5dee<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
\u81a8\u80c0\u578b\u963b\u71c3\u5242<\/td>\n | 15-25<\/td>\n | 30-35<\/td>\n | \u4e2d<\/td>\n | \u597d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
\u7eb3\u7c73\u590d\u5408\u963b\u71c3\u5242<\/td>\n | 5-10<\/td>\n | 35-40<\/td>\n | \u4f4e<\/td>\n | \u4f18<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n \u5728\u590d\u5408\u5de5\u827a\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u65b0\u7684\u771f\u7a7a\u6d78\u6e0d\u6280\u672f\u548c\u5fae\u6ce2\u56fa\u5316\u5de5\u827a\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u963b\u71c3\u6548\u679c\u7684\u5747\u5300\u6027\u3002\u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u6750\u6599\u5b66\u9662\uff082021\uff09\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u771f\u7a7a\u6d78\u6e0d\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u963b\u71c3\u5242\u5728\u6d77\u7ef5\u5185\u90e8\u5b9e\u73b0\u5747\u5300\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u76f8\u6bd4\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u55b7\u6d82\u6216\u6d82\u5e03\u5de5\u827a\uff0c\u963b\u71c3\u6027\u80fd\u53ef\u63d0\u534720%\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5fae\u6ce2\u56fa\u5316\u6280\u672f\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u5927\u5e45\u7f29\u77ed\u4e86\u751f\u4ea7\u5468\u671f\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u80fd\u8017\u3002<\/p>\n \u8868\u9762\u5904\u7406\u6280\u672f\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u4e5f\u4e3aPU\u76ae\u590d\u5408\u6d77\u7ef5\u9762\u6599\u7684\u963b\u71c3\u6027\u80fd\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u7a81\u7834\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u4e1c\u4e3d\u516c\u53f8\uff08Toray, 2020\uff09\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u7b49\u79bb\u5b50\u4f53\u5904\u7406\u6280\u672f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728PU\u76ae\u8868\u9762\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u5c42\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ea7\u7684\u963b\u71c3\u6d82\u5c42\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0d\u4ec5\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u6750\u6599\u7684\u8868\u9762\u963b\u71c3\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u8fd8\u589e\u5f3a\u4e86\u6d82\u5c42\u4e0e\u57fa\u6750\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\u529b\u3002\u88682\u5217\u51fa\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u8868\u9762\u5904\u7406\u6280\u672f\u7684\u6548\u679c\u5bf9\u6bd4\uff1a<\/p>\n
|